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1994 Mokokchung Massacre

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1994 Mokokchung Massacre

20/02/2022 14:50:27

The 1994 Mokokchung Massacre also referred to as Ayatia Mokokchung by the citizens of the town, took place on December 27, 1994, when forces of the 10th Assam Rifles and the 12th Maratha Light Infantry of the Indian Army raided upon civilian populace of Nagaland's Mokokchung.

The incident lasted for about 2 hours and left 89 shops, 48 houses, 17 vehicles and 7 two-wheelers razed to ashes, excluding those destroyed by gunfire and shelling. 7 civilians were gunned down, another 5 burned alive including a child, several women raped and more than a dozen gone missing.

Loughinisland massacre

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Shell House massacre

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Shell House massacre

20/02/2022 14:50:24

The Shell House massacre was a 1994 shooting incident that took place at Shell House, the headquarters of the African National Congress (ANC), in central Johannesburg, South Africa in the lead up to the 1994 elections.

Cave of the Patriarchs massacre

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Cave of the Patriarchs massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:21

The Cave of the Patriarchs massacre, also known as the Ibrahimi Mosque massacre or Hebron massacre, was a shooting massacre carried out by American-Israeli Baruch Goldstein. Goldstein was a member of the far-right Israeli Kach movement. On 25 February 1994, during the overlapping religious holidays of both Jewish Purim and Muslim Ramadan, Goldstein opened fire on a large number of Palestinian Muslims who had gathered to pray inside the Ibrahimi Mosque at the Cave of the Patriarchs compound in Hebron, West Bank. The attack left 29 people dead, several as young as twelve, and 125 wounded. Goldstein was overpowered, disarmed and then beaten to death by survivors.

The massacre immediately set off mass Palestinian protests throughout the West Bank, and during the ensuing clashes a further 20 to 26 Palestinians were killed, and 120 injured in confrontations with the IDF, while 9 Jews were killed.

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Greysteel massacre

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Greysteel massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:20

The Greysteel massacre was a mass shooting that took place on the evening of 30 October 1993 in Greysteel, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Members of the Ulster Defence Association (UDA), a loyalist paramilitary group, opened fire on civilians in a crowded pub during a Halloween party, killing eight and wounding nineteen. The pub was targeted because it was frequented by Catholics, though two of the victims were Protestant. The group claimed responsibility using their cover name "Ulster Freedom Fighters", saying the attack was revenge for the Shankill Road bombing by the Provisional IRA a week earlier. Four men were sentenced to life imprisonment for the massacre, but were released in 2000 under the terms of the Good Friday Agreement.

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Saint James Church massacre

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Saint James Church massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:19

The Saint James Church massacre was a massacre perpetrated on St James Church of England in South Africa in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa, on 25 July 1993 by four members of the Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA). Eleven members of the congregation were killed and 58 wounded. In 1998 the attackers were granted amnesty for their acts by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

Başbağlar massacre

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Başbağlar massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:18

The Başbağlar massacre (Turkish: Başbağlar Katliamı) is the name given to the 5 July 1993 massacre of 33 civilians by PKK in the village of Başbağlar (which was then burnt down), in Erzincan Province during the Kurdish-Turkish conflict. The attack was originally attributed to the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) that also claimed it, while the former Turkish special forces soldier Ayhan Çarkın claimed that the deep state was behind the massacre at first. But he later retracted that all of his claims were "just predictions".

The leader of the PKK, Abdullah Öcalan while in prison admitted that the massacre was committed by a PKK member codenamed "Dr. Baran".

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Sivas massacre

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Sivas massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:17

The Sivas massacre (Turkish: Sivas Katliamı) or Madımak massacre (Turkish: Madımak Katliamı) refers to the events of July 2, 1993 at the Hotel Madimak (Otel Madımak) in Sivas, Turkey, which resulted in the killing of 37 people, mostly Alevi intellectuals. Two perpetrators also died during the incident. The victims, who had gathered in the hotel for the Pir Sultan Abdal festival, were killed when a mob set fire to the hotel.

Waco siege

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Waco siege

20/02/2022 14:49:15

The Waco siege, also known as the Waco massacre, was the law enforcement siege of the compound that belonged to the religious sect Branch Davidians. It was carried out by the U.S. federal government, Texas state law enforcement, and the U.S. military, between February 28 and April 19, 1993. The Branch Davidians were led by David Koresh and were headquartered at Mount Carmel Center ranch in the community of Axtell, Texas, 13 miles (21 kilometers) northeast of Waco. Suspecting the group of stockpiling illegal weapons, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) obtained a search warrant for the compound and arrest warrants for Koresh, as well as a select few of the group's members.

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Ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Sukhumi

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Ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Sukhumi

20/02/2022 14:49:14

The Sukhumi massacre took place on September 27, 1993, during and after the fall of Sukhumi into separatist hands in the course of the War in Abkhazia. It was perpetrated against Georgian civilians of Sukhumi, mainly by militia forces of Abkhaz separatists, their Russian and North Caucasian allies. It became part of a violent ethnic cleansing campaign carried out by the separatists.

Brown's Chicken massacre

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Brown's Chicken massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:13

The Brown's Chicken Massacre was a mass murder that occurred on January 8, 1993 in Palatine, Illinois, when two robbers killed seven employees at a Brown's Chicken fast-food restaurant.

The case remained unsolved for nearly nine years, until one of the assailants was implicated by his girlfriend in 2002. Police used DNA samples from the murder scene to match one of the suspects, Juan Luna. Luna was put on trial in 2007, found guilty of seven counts of murder, and sentenced to life imprisonment. James Degorski, the other assailant, was found guilty in 2009 on all seven counts of murder, and also sentenced to life imprisonment.

Carandiru massacre

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Carandiru massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:12

The Carandiru massacre (Massacre do Carandiru, Portuguese pronunciation: [mɐˈsakɾi du kɐɾɐ̃dʒiˈɾu]) occurred on Friday, 2 October 1992, in Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil, when military police stormed the penitentiary following a prison riot. The massacre, which left 111 prisoners dead, is considered by many people to be a major human rights violation.

Bisho massacre

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Bisho massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:11

The Bisho massacre occurred on 7 September 1992 in Bisho, in the then nominally independent homeland of Ciskei which is now part of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. Twenty-eight African National Congress supporters and one soldier were shot dead by the Ciskei Defence Force during a protest march when they attempted to enter Bisho (now renamed to Bhisho) to demand the reincorporation of Ciskei into South Africa during the final years of apartheid.

La Cantuta massacre

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Boipatong massacre

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Boipatong massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:09

The Boipatong massacre took place on the night of 17 June 1992 in the township of Boipatong, South Africa.

Maraga massacre

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Maraga massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:08

The Maraga massacre (Armenian: Մարաղայի կոտորած, romanizedMaraghayi kotorats) was the mass murder of Armenian civilians in the village of Maraga (Maragha) by Azerbaijani troops, which had captured the village on April 10, 1992, in the course of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. The villagers, including men, women, children and elderly, were killed indiscriminately and deliberately, their houses were pillaged and burnt; the village was destroyed. Amnesty International reports that over 100 women, children and elderly were tortured and killed and a further 53 were taken hostage, 19 of whom were never returned.

Khojaly massacre

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Khojaly massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:07

The Khojaly massacre was the mass killing of Azerbaijanis — mostly civilians, but also armed troops — by local irregular Armenian forces and the 366th Commonwealth of Independent States Guards Motor Rifle Regiment in the town of Khojaly on 26 February 1992. It was one of the four events that defined the war in 1992, along with the Karabakh Armenian seizure of Shusha, the Karabakh Armenian capture of Lachin and the Lachin corridor between Nagorno-Karabakh and Armenia and the June 1992 Azerbaijani offensive against the Mardakert Province in Nagorno-Karabakh.

Khojaly is a formerly Azerbaijani-populated town of some 6,300 people within the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast, it had the region's only airport in 1992. The town was subject to the mutual shelling and blockade by Armenian and Azerbaijani forces during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. Without supply of electricity, gas, or water, it was defended by the local forces consisted of about 160 lightly armed men. The local Armenian and CIS forces launched an offensive in early 1992, forcing almost the entire Azerbaijani population of the enclave to flee, and committing what was reported as "unconscionable acts of violence against civilians" as they were fleeing.

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Bara massacre

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Bara massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:06

The massacre which targeted primarily upper caste Bhumihars, was thought to be a deleterious consequence of the social justice politics in the Bihar of 1990s unleashed by Lalu Prasad Yadav. According to an India Today report, the Yadav leaders were openly preaching vendetta against the Bhumihars after the "Barsingha massacre" in which ten Dalits were killed by "Swarna Liberation Front", a caste army of Bhumihar landlords.The Congress leaders claimed that the MCC, though composed primarily of Dalits, has linkages to Janata Dal and Yadavs. According to a report of Indian Express:-

"The Bara massacre, in which MCC (now CPI-Maoist) members killed 34 Bhumihars, was part of a string of caste clashes in the area. The 1992 massacre itself was believed to be the fallout of six previous killings in 1990-91 in which 59 Scheduled Caste men and agricultural labourers were killed."

The upper caste killed 58 Dalits in "Laxmanpur Bathe" in response to the attack.

Vukovar massacre

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Santa Cruz massacre

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Santa Cruz massacre

20/02/2022 14:49:03

The Santa Cruz massacre (also known as the Dili massacre) was the shooting of at least 250 East Timorese pro-independence demonstrators in the Santa Cruz cemetery in the capital, Dili, on 12 November 1991, during the Indonesian occupation of East Timor and is part of the East Timorese genocide.

Barrios Altos massacre

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Somaliland War of Independence

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Somaliland War of Independence

20/02/2022 14:49:00
Victims Unknown Location
Northern Somalia (now Somaliland)
Result

SNM victory

Date 6 April 1981 (1981-04-06) – 18 May 1991 (1991-05-18)
(10 years, 1 months, and 12 days) Criminal penalty Unknown
Somaliland War of IndependencePart of the Somali Civil War, the Cold War and the conflicts in the Horn of Africa
Somaliland Independence War Map.svg
SNM training academy (Aware).png
South African pilots pose for a picture before takeoff on another killer sortie in Hargeisa, 1988.png
Somaliland, fighters of the Somali National Movement (SNM), 1980s.jpg
Hargeisa destroyed by Somali government.jpg
War memorial at Freedom square Hargeisa, Somaliland.jpg
Clockwise from top: Military situation during the Somaliland War of Independence, SNM recruits training for combat in Aware, Ethiopia; South African pilots pose for a picture before takeoff on another killer sortie in Hargeisa, 1988; SNM Fighters in the Haud; Hargeisa in ruins after airstrikes; Hargeisa War Memorial
Date6 April 1981 (1981-04-06) – 18 May 1991 (1991-05-18)
(10 years, 1 months, and 12 days)
Location
Northern Somalia (now Somaliland)
Result

SNM victory

Territorial
changes
Somaliland regains independence; Somalia loses 27.6% of its territory
Belligerents

Somalia Somali Democratic Republic

Support:
 United States
South Africa
 Libya
 Italy
 United Arab Emirates
Somalia Somali Democratic Alliance

Somali National Movement

Support:
EthiopiaCommanders and leaders Somalia Siad Barre
Somalia Mohammed Said Hersi Morgan
Somalia Muhammad Ali Samatar
Somalia Mohamed Hashi Gani
Somalia Yusuf Abdi Ali "Tukeh"

Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud

Abdilahi Husein Iman Darawal
Mohamed Farah Dalmar Yusuf
Mohamed Hashi Lihle
Ali Maxamedoo
Mohamed Kahin Ahmed
Abdiqadir Kosar Abdi
Ibrahim Koodbuur
Abdullahi AskarStrength

40,000 (1987)

Numerous South African and Rhodesian mercenaries

3,000-4,000 (1982-1988)

99,000-100,000 (1991)Casualties and losses

Casualties:
50,000–100,000 due to the Isaaq Genocide
High estimates range between 100,000–200,000

Displaced:
500,000 refugees
400,000 internally displaced

Introduction

Aramoana massacre

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Aramoana massacre

20/02/2022 14:48:59

The Aramoana massacre was a spree shooting that occurred on 13 November 1990 in the small seaside township of Aramoana, northeast of Dunedin, New Zealand. Resident David Gray killed 13 people including local police Sergeant Stewart Guthrie, one of the first responders to the reports of a shooting, after a verbal dispute between Gray and his next-door neighbour. After a careful house-to-house search the next day, police officers led by the Anti-Terrorist Squad (now known as the Special Tactics Group) located Gray, and shot and injured him as he came out of a house firing from the hip. He died in an ambulance while being transported to hospital. Television news carried live reports from the scene.

At the time, the incident was the deadliest mass shooting in New Zealand's history, being surpassed 29 years later by the Christchurch mosque shootings. After the shootings, sweeping changes were made to New Zealand's firearms legislation in 1992, including 10-year photographic licences and tight restrictions on military style semi-automatic firearms.

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1990 Batticaloa massacre

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1990 Batticaloa massacre

20/02/2022 14:48:58

The 1990 Batticaloa massacre, also known as the Sathurukondan massacre (Tamil: சத்துருக்கொண்டான் படுகொலை), was a massacre of at least 184 minority Sri Lankan Tamil refugees, including infants, from three villages in the Batticaloa District by the Sri Lankan Army on September 9, 1990. Although the government instituted two investigations, no one was ever charged.

Monrovia Church massacre

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Monrovia Church massacre

20/02/2022 14:48:57

The Monrovia Church massacre, also referred to as the St. Peter's Lutheran Church massacre, was the worst single atrocity of the First Liberian Civil War. Approximately 600 people were killed at the church in the Sinkor section of Monrovia on 29 July 1990. The massacre was carried out by approximately 30 government soldiers loyal to President Samuel Doe. The perpetrators were of Doe's Krahn tribe while most of the victims were from the Gio and Mano tribes, which were in support of the rebels.

Eastern University massacre

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Eastern University massacre

20/02/2022 14:48:55

The Eastern University massacre was the arrest and subsequent mass murder of 158 minority Sri Lankan Tamil refugees who had taken refuge in the Eastern University campus close to the city Batticaloa on September 5, 1990. A witness identified the Sri Lankan Army personnel as the perpetrator. The event is part of what is known amongst Sri Lankan Tamils as Black September series of civilian massacres. The Sri Lankan government eventually established a presidential commission of inquiry. The inquiry found evidence of illegal abduction and mass murders. It also named the responsible parties, but there is currently no evidence of any judicial follow up to the inquiry.

École Polytechnique massacre

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École Polytechnique massacre

20/02/2022 14:48:54

The École Polytechnique massacre (French: tuerie de l'École polytechnique), also known as the Montreal massacre, was a 1989 antifeminist mass shooting at the École Polytechnique de Montréal in Montreal, Quebec. Fourteen women were murdered; ten further women and four men were injured.

On December 6, 1989, Marc Lépine, armed with a legally-obtained semi-automatic rifle and a hunting knife, entered a mechanical engineering class at the École Polytechnique, He ordered the women to one side of the classroom, and instructed the men to leave. After claiming that he was "fighting feminism," he shot all nine women in the room, killing six. The shooter then moved through corridors, the cafeteria, and another classroom, specifically targeting women to shoot for just under 20 minutes. He killed a further eight women before turning the gun on himself.

After the attack, Canadians debated various interpretations of the events, their significance, and the shooter’s motives. The massacre is now widely regarded as an anti-feminist attack and representative of wider societal violence against women; the anniversary of the massacre is commemorated as the National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women.  Other interpretations emphasize the shooter's abuse as a child or suggest that the massacre was the isolated act of a madman, unrelated to larger social issues.

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1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre

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1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre

20/02/2022 14:48:52

The Tiananmen Square protests, known as the June Fourth Incident (Chinese: 六四事件; pinyin: liùsì shìjiàn) in China, were student-led demonstrations held in Tiananmen Square, Beijing during 1989. In what is known as the Tiananmen Square Massacre (Chinese: 天安门大屠杀; pinyin: Tiān'ānmén dà túshā), troops armed with assault rifles and accompanied by tanks fired at the demonstrators and those trying to block the military's advance into Tiananmen Square. The protests started on 15 April and were forcibly suppressed on 4 June when the government declared martial law and sent the People's Liberation Army to occupy parts of central Beijing. Estimates of the death toll vary from several hundred to several thousand, with thousands more wounded. The popular national movement inspired by the Beijing protests is sometimes called the '89 Democracy Movement (Chinese: 八九民运; pinyin: Bājiǔ mínyùn) or the Tiananmen Square Incident (Chinese: 天安门事件; pinyin: Tiān'ānmén shìjiàn).

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Milltown Cemetery attack

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Milltown Cemetery attack

20/02/2022 14:48:51

The Milltown Cemetery attack (also known as the Milltown Cemetery killings or Milltown massacre) took place on 16 March 1988 at Milltown Cemetery in Belfast, Northern Ireland. During the large funeral of three Provisional IRA members killed in Gibraltar, an Ulster Defence Association (UDA) member, Michael Stone, attacked the mourners with hand grenades and pistols. He had learned there would be no police or armed IRA members at the cemetery. As Stone then ran towards the nearby motorway, a large crowd chased him and he continued shooting and throwing grenades. Some of the crowd caught Stone and beat him, but he was rescued by the police and arrested. Three people had been killed and more than 60 wounded. The "unprecedented, one-man attack" was filmed by television news crews and caused shock around the world.

Three days later, two British Army corporals drove into the funeral procession of one of the Milltown victims. The non-uniformed soldiers were dragged from their car by an angry crowd, beaten and then shot dead by the IRA, in what became known as the corporals killings.

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Queen Street massacre

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Queen Street massacre

20/02/2022 14:48:50

The Queen Street massacre was a mass shooting which occurred on 8 December 1987 at the Australia Post offices at 191 Queen Street in Melbourne, Victoria.

University dropout Frank Vitkovic entered the building on the pretext of visiting a friend, and fired on office workers at random with an illegally modified M1 carbine, killing eight and injuring five. After being disarmed, he crawled from an 11th-floor window and died on impact.

Several possible motives were suggested. He had once received counselling. He had failed to build relationships with girls. His tennis-playing success had been interrupted by a serious knee injury. And the results of a Scientology test revealed that he "had hit rock bottom", which may have worsened his depression.