Lawrence Massacre

Victims	Unknown
Location	Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas 38°58′N 95°14′W / 38.967°N 95.233°W / 38.967; -95.233Coordinates: 38°58′N 95°14′W / 38.967°N 95.233°W / 38.967; -95.233
Result	Confederate victory Most of Lawrence destroyed Union Gen. Ewing issues General Order No. 11 in response
Date	August 21, 1863 (1863-08-21)
Criminal penalty	Unknown

Lawrence Massacre

Details

Lawrence Massacre

Part of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the
American Civil War

An artist's depiction of the destruction of the city of Lawrence, Kansas, and the massacre of its inhabitants by Confederate guerrillas on August 21, 1863

Date

August 21, 1863

Location

Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas

38°58′N 95°14′W / 38.967°N 95.233°WCoordinates: 38°58′N 95°14′W / 38.967°N 95.233°W

Result

Confederate victory

Most of Lawrence destroyed
Union Gen. Ewing issues General Order No. 11 in response

Belligerents

United States (Union)

Kansas

Confederate States

Missouri

Commanders and leaders

None

William C. Quantrill

Units involved

Civilian population of Lawrence
Unmustered recruits

Quantrill's Raiders

Strength

N/A

300–400

Casualties and losses

164 civilians

Sources

No union commander present
Castel, Albert (1997). Civil War Kansas. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. pp. 124–6.
Blunt, James G. (May 1932). "General Blunt's Account of His Civil War Experiences". Kansas Historical Quarterly. 1 (3): 239.
Goodrich, Thomas (1992). Bloody Dawn: The Story of the Lawrence Massacre. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press. pp. 4–6. ISBN 9780873384766.
Castel, Albert E. (1999). William Clarke Quantrill: His Life and Times. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 142.
Castel, Albert (1997). Civil War Kansas. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. p. 136.
"Governor Robinson's Speech". Lawrence Daily Journal and Evening Tribune. August 23, 1892. p. 4. Archived from the original on July 3, 2018. Retrieved July 3, 2018. The article provided a synopsis of the speech that Robninson had given in Lawrence on the twenty-ninth anniversary of the raid. Despite being a truncated paraphrase of the original speech, the article had been approved by Robinson for publication (p. 2).
Spurgeon, Ian (2009). Man of Douglas, Man of Lincoln: The Political Odyssey of James Henry Lane. Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press. pp. 185–8.
Petersen, Paul R. (2003). Quantrill of Missouri: The Making of a Guerrilla Warrior—The Man, the Myth, the Soldier. Nashville, Tennessee: Cumberland House Publishing. p. 61.
Epps, Kristen (2014). "Quantrill's Raid on Lawrence". Civil War on the Western Border. Kansas City Public Library. Archived from the original on June 29, 2018. Retrieved June 1, 2018.
Frazier, Harriet C. (2004). Runaway and Freed Missouri Slaves and Those Who Helped Them, 1763–1865. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 214.
Harris, Charles F. (April 1995). "Catalyst for Terror: The Collapse of the Women's Prison In Kansas City". Missouri Historical Review: 294, 295.
Harris, Charles F. (April 1995). "Catalyst for Terror: The Collapse of the Women's Prison In Kansas City". Missouri Historical Review: 296, 297.
Paul R. Petersen (April 26, 2011). "Knee Deep in Blood". Quantrill at Lawrence: The Untold Story. New Orleans, Louisiana: Pelican Publishing Company. pp. 24, 30. ... Guerrilla Bill Anderson had just removed his sisters from Kansas where for a year they had lived at various places, stopping finally with the Mundy family on the Missouri side of the line near Little Santa Fe. The parents of the Mundy family were dead. One of their sons was in General Sterling Price's Southern army, and three daughters were at home: Susan Mundy Womacks, Martha Mundy, and Mrs. Lou Mundy Gray, whose husband was probably with the guerrillas. The Mundy girls and the three Anderson sisters were arrested as spies. They were confined in a building that served as a jail. ... Guerrilla Nathan Kerr's wife Charity was killed. Brothers William, Marshall, Marion, and Riley Crawford lost two sisters killed. Guerrilla Thomas Harris's sister Nannie was mangled in the jail collapse. Guerrilla James E. Mundy's sisters Susan and Martha, and his married sister Mrs. Lou Mundy Gray, were imprisoned along with William Grindstaff's sister Mollie, but somehow each of them miraculously survived.
LeeAnn Whites (March 2011). "Forty Shirts and a Wagonload of Wheat: Women, the Domestic Supply Line, and the Civil War on the Western Border". The Journal of the Civil War Era. 1 (1). Archived from the original on February 22, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2016.
Nichols, Bruce (2004). Guerrilla Warfare in Western Missouri, 1861. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 210.
Bingham, George Caleb (March 9, 1878). "Article". The Washington Sentinel.
Harris, Charles F. (April 1995). "Catalyst for Terror: The Collapse of the Women's Prison In Kansas City". Missouri Historical Review: 302, 303.
Nichols, Bruce (2004). Guerrilla Warfare in Western Missouri, 1861. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 209.
Leslie, Edward E. (1998). The Devil Knows How to Ride. Boston, Massachusetts: Da Capo Press. pp. 193–5.
Mach, Tom. "Little-known facts about Quantrill's Raid". Lawrence Journal-World. Archived from the original on September 10, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
Paul R. Petersen (August 21, 2010). "Lawrence Raid 08/21/63 Roster of the Victims of the Lawrence Raid Published on the 147th Anniversary". Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Kristen Epps. "Quantrill's Raid on Lawrence". The Kansas City Public Library. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Alec Miller. "The Lawrence Massacre, Part One". University of Kansas Kenneth Spencer Research Library. Archived from the original on October 25, 2002. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Pringle, Heather (April 2010). "Digging the Scorched Earth". Archaeology. 63 (2): 21.
Fisher, H.D. (1902). The Gun and the Gospel: Early Kansas and Chaplain Fisher. Kansas City, MO: Hudson-Kimberly Publishing Company. p. 194. Archived from the original on October 20, 2008.
Goodrich, Thomas (1991). Blood Dawn: The Story of the Lawrence Massacre. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press. pp. 43–5.
Castel, Albert (1959). "Kansas Jayhawking Raids into Western Missouri in 1861". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved August 3, 2013.
Castel, Albert (1997). Civil War Kansas. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. p. 28.
"Blunt, General Orders-No. 1., Headquarter District of Kansas, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, November 15, 1862". The Missouri in the Civil War Message Board. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
Leslie, Edward E. (1998). The Devil Knows How to Ride. Boston, Massachusetts: Da Capo Press. pp. 224–34.
Robinson, Charles (1892). The Kansas Conflict. New York City, NY: Harper and Brother. p. 447.
Cordley, Richard (1895). "Chapter XV". A History of Lawrence Kansas, from the Earliest Settlement to the Close of the Rebellion. Lawrence, KS: Lawrence Journal Press. Archived from the original on October 24, 2018. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
Castel, Albert (1997). Civil War Kansas. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. p. 130.
Castel, Albert E. (1999). William Clarke Quantrill: His Life and Times. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 129–31.
Simpson, H.M. (September 7, 1863). "H.M. Simpson to Hiram Hill". Kansas Memory. Kansas Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2014. Retrieved February 19, 2014.
Schultz, Duane (1997). Quantrill's War: The Life and Times of William Clarke Quantrill, 1837–1865. New York City, NY: St. Martin's Press. Chapter 9 is entitled, "Kill Every Man Big Enough to Carry a Gun", an alleged Quantrill quote.
Connelley, William Elsey (1910). Quantrill and the Border Wars. Cedar Rapids, Iowa: The Torch Press. pp. 362–3. Archived from the original on September 22, 2016. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
Leslie, Edward E. (1996). The Devil Knows How to Ride: The True Story of William Clarke Quantrill and his Confederate Raiders. Boston, Massachusetts: Da Capo Press. p. 226.
Goodrich, Thomas (1991). Blood Dawn: The Story of the Lawrence Massacre. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press. p. 104.
"Boys in the Civil War!". CivilWarHome. February 15, 2002. Archived from the original on October 23, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
Petersen, Paul R. (2003). Quantrill of Missouri: The Making of a Guerrilla Warrior—The Man, the Myth, the Soldier. Nashville, Tennessee: Cumberland House Publishing. p. 226.
Sellen, Al. "A Brief Outline of Plymouth's History". Plymouth Congregational Church. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved September 27, 2010.
Kerby, Robert L. Kirby Smith's Confederacy: The Trans-Mississippi South, 1863– 1865. Tuscaloosa and London: The University of Alabama Press, Reprint. Originally published New York: Columbia University Press, 1972. ISBN 978-0-8173-0546-8. p. 210.
Miller, George (1898). "Quantrill's Raid on Lawrence, 'Order No. 11' and Attendant Horrors; Desolation Ends All". Missouri's Memorable Decade, 1860–1870. Columbia, MO: E.W. Stephens. pp. 100–1. ISBN 9780722207130. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
Wellman, Paul I. (1961). A Dynasty of Western Outlaws. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. p. 61.
Pollard, Jr, William C. (1992). "Kansas Forts During the Civil War". Kansas History. Archived from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
Bisel, Debra Goodrich; Martin, Michelle M. (2013). "Camp Ewing: 1864–1865". Kansas Forts & Bases: Sentinels on the Prairie. Charleston, SC: The History Press. ISBN 9781614238683.
"Kansas Raiders (1950) - Plot Summary - IMDb". IMDb. Retrieved May 15, 2020.

Lawrence Massacre

Victims	Unknown
Location	Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas 38°58′N 95°14′W / 38.967°N 95.233°W / 38.967; -95.233Coordinates: 38°58′N 95°14′W / 38.967°N 95.233°W / 38.967; -95.233
Result	Confederate victory Most of Lawrence destroyed Union Gen. Ewing issues General Order No. 11 in response
Date	August 21, 1863 (1863-08-21)
Criminal penalty	Unknown

Introduction

Sources

No union commander present
Castel, Albert (1997). Civil War Kansas. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. pp. 124–6.
Blunt, James G. (May 1932). "General Blunt's Account of His Civil War Experiences". Kansas Historical Quarterly. 1 (3): 239.
Goodrich, Thomas (1992). Bloody Dawn: The Story of the Lawrence Massacre. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press. pp. 4–6. ISBN 9780873384766.
Castel, Albert E. (1999). William Clarke Quantrill: His Life and Times. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 142.
Castel, Albert (1997). Civil War Kansas. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. p. 136.
"Governor Robinson's Speech". Lawrence Daily Journal and Evening Tribune. August 23, 1892. p. 4. Archived from the original on July 3, 2018. Retrieved July 3, 2018. The article provided a synopsis of the speech that Robninson had given in Lawrence on the twenty-ninth anniversary of the raid. Despite being a truncated paraphrase of the original speech, the article had been approved by Robinson for publication (p. 2).
Spurgeon, Ian (2009). Man of Douglas, Man of Lincoln: The Political Odyssey of James Henry Lane. Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press. pp. 185–8.
Petersen, Paul R. (2003). Quantrill of Missouri: The Making of a Guerrilla Warrior—The Man, the Myth, the Soldier. Nashville, Tennessee: Cumberland House Publishing. p. 61.
Epps, Kristen (2014). "Quantrill's Raid on Lawrence". Civil War on the Western Border. Kansas City Public Library. Archived from the original on June 29, 2018. Retrieved June 1, 2018.
Frazier, Harriet C. (2004). Runaway and Freed Missouri Slaves and Those Who Helped Them, 1763–1865. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 214.
Harris, Charles F. (April 1995). "Catalyst for Terror: The Collapse of the Women's Prison In Kansas City". Missouri Historical Review: 294, 295.
Harris, Charles F. (April 1995). "Catalyst for Terror: The Collapse of the Women's Prison In Kansas City". Missouri Historical Review: 296, 297.
Paul R. Petersen (April 26, 2011). "Knee Deep in Blood". Quantrill at Lawrence: The Untold Story. New Orleans, Louisiana: Pelican Publishing Company. pp. 24, 30. ... Guerrilla Bill Anderson had just removed his sisters from Kansas where for a year they had lived at various places, stopping finally with the Mundy family on the Missouri side of the line near Little Santa Fe. The parents of the Mundy family were dead. One of their sons was in General Sterling Price's Southern army, and three daughters were at home: Susan Mundy Womacks, Martha Mundy, and Mrs. Lou Mundy Gray, whose husband was probably with the guerrillas. The Mundy girls and the three Anderson sisters were arrested as spies. They were confined in a building that served as a jail. ... Guerrilla Nathan Kerr's wife Charity was killed. Brothers William, Marshall, Marion, and Riley Crawford lost two sisters killed. Guerrilla Thomas Harris's sister Nannie was mangled in the jail collapse. Guerrilla James E. Mundy's sisters Susan and Martha, and his married sister Mrs. Lou Mundy Gray, were imprisoned along with William Grindstaff's sister Mollie, but somehow each of them miraculously survived.
LeeAnn Whites (March 2011). "Forty Shirts and a Wagonload of Wheat: Women, the Domestic Supply Line, and the Civil War on the Western Border". The Journal of the Civil War Era. 1 (1). Archived from the original on February 22, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2016.
Nichols, Bruce (2004). Guerrilla Warfare in Western Missouri, 1861. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 210.
Bingham, George Caleb (March 9, 1878). "Article". The Washington Sentinel.
Harris, Charles F. (April 1995). "Catalyst for Terror: The Collapse of the Women's Prison In Kansas City". Missouri Historical Review: 302, 303.
Nichols, Bruce (2004). Guerrilla Warfare in Western Missouri, 1861. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 209.
Leslie, Edward E. (1998). The Devil Knows How to Ride. Boston, Massachusetts: Da Capo Press. pp. 193–5.
Mach, Tom. "Little-known facts about Quantrill's Raid". Lawrence Journal-World. Archived from the original on September 10, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
Paul R. Petersen (August 21, 2010). "Lawrence Raid 08/21/63 Roster of the Victims of the Lawrence Raid Published on the 147th Anniversary". Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Kristen Epps. "Quantrill's Raid on Lawrence". The Kansas City Public Library. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Alec Miller. "The Lawrence Massacre, Part One". University of Kansas Kenneth Spencer Research Library. Archived from the original on October 25, 2002. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Pringle, Heather (April 2010). "Digging the Scorched Earth". Archaeology. 63 (2): 21.
Fisher, H.D. (1902). The Gun and the Gospel: Early Kansas and Chaplain Fisher. Kansas City, MO: Hudson-Kimberly Publishing Company. p. 194. Archived from the original on October 20, 2008.
Goodrich, Thomas (1991). Blood Dawn: The Story of the Lawrence Massacre. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press. pp. 43–5.
Castel, Albert (1959). "Kansas Jayhawking Raids into Western Missouri in 1861". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved August 3, 2013.
Castel, Albert (1997). Civil War Kansas. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. p. 28.
"Blunt, General Orders-No. 1., Headquarter District of Kansas, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, November 15, 1862". The Missouri in the Civil War Message Board. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
Leslie, Edward E. (1998). The Devil Knows How to Ride. Boston, Massachusetts: Da Capo Press. pp. 224–34.
Robinson, Charles (1892). The Kansas Conflict. New York City, NY: Harper and Brother. p. 447.
Cordley, Richard (1895). "Chapter XV". A History of Lawrence Kansas, from the Earliest Settlement to the Close of the Rebellion. Lawrence, KS: Lawrence Journal Press. Archived from the original on October 24, 2018. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
Castel, Albert (1997). Civil War Kansas. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. p. 130.
Castel, Albert E. (1999). William Clarke Quantrill: His Life and Times. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 129–31.
Simpson, H.M. (September 7, 1863). "H.M. Simpson to Hiram Hill". Kansas Memory. Kansas Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2014. Retrieved February 19, 2014.
Schultz, Duane (1997). Quantrill's War: The Life and Times of William Clarke Quantrill, 1837–1865. New York City, NY: St. Martin's Press. Chapter 9 is entitled, "Kill Every Man Big Enough to Carry a Gun", an alleged Quantrill quote.
Connelley, William Elsey (1910). Quantrill and the Border Wars. Cedar Rapids, Iowa: The Torch Press. pp. 362–3. Archived from the original on September 22, 2016. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
Leslie, Edward E. (1996). The Devil Knows How to Ride: The True Story of William Clarke Quantrill and his Confederate Raiders. Boston, Massachusetts: Da Capo Press. p. 226.
Goodrich, Thomas (1991). Blood Dawn: The Story of the Lawrence Massacre. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press. p. 104.
"Boys in the Civil War!". CivilWarHome. February 15, 2002. Archived from the original on October 23, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
Petersen, Paul R. (2003). Quantrill of Missouri: The Making of a Guerrilla Warrior—The Man, the Myth, the Soldier. Nashville, Tennessee: Cumberland House Publishing. p. 226.
Sellen, Al. "A Brief Outline of Plymouth's History". Plymouth Congregational Church. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved September 27, 2010.
Kerby, Robert L. Kirby Smith's Confederacy: The Trans-Mississippi South, 1863– 1865. Tuscaloosa and London: The University of Alabama Press, Reprint. Originally published New York: Columbia University Press, 1972. ISBN 978-0-8173-0546-8. p. 210.
Miller, George (1898). "Quantrill's Raid on Lawrence, 'Order No. 11' and Attendant Horrors; Desolation Ends All". Missouri's Memorable Decade, 1860–1870. Columbia, MO: E.W. Stephens. pp. 100–1. ISBN 9780722207130. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
Wellman, Paul I. (1961). A Dynasty of Western Outlaws. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. p. 61.
Pollard, Jr, William C. (1992). "Kansas Forts During the Civil War". Kansas History. Archived from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
Bisel, Debra Goodrich; Martin, Michelle M. (2013). "Camp Ewing: 1864–1865". Kansas Forts & Bases: Sentinels on the Prairie. Charleston, SC: The History Press. ISBN 9781614238683.
"Kansas Raiders (1950) - Plot Summary - IMDb". IMDb. Retrieved May 15, 2020.

Lawrence Massacre

Details

Related

Sources

Lawrence Massacre

Introduction

Related

Sources