Fall of Kabul (2021)

Victims	Unknown
Location	Kabul, Afghanistan 34°18′47″N 69°06′15″E / 34.3131°N 69.1042°E / 34.3131; 69.1042 (Kabul, Afghanistan)
Result	Taliban victory Collapse of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan End of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) Government officials flee Afghanistan, including President Ashraf Ghani Re-establishment of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Hibatullah Akhundzada replaces President Ghani as the head of state of Afghanistan Evacuation of national and international diplomatic, military and civilian personnel (Operation Allies Refuge, Operation Pitting, Operation Devi Shakti) Anti-Taliban forces relocate to Panjshir Start of the 2021 Afghan protests
Date	15 August 2021 (2021-08-15)
Criminal penalty	Unknown

Details

Fall of Kabul

Part of the 2021 Taliban offensive of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)

Afghans fleeing Kabul Airport aboard a US Boeing C-17 Globemaster III during the fall of Kabul

Date	15 August 2021 (2021-08-15)
Location	Kabul, Afghanistan 34°18′47″N 69°06′15″E / 34.3131°N 69.1042°E / 34.3131; 69.1042 (Kabul, Afghanistan)
Result	Taliban victory Collapse of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan End of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) Government officials flee Afghanistan, including President Ashraf Ghani Re-establishment of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Hibatullah Akhundzada replaces President Ghani as the head of state of Afghanistan Evacuation of national and international diplomatic, military and civilian personnel (Operation Allies Refuge, Operation Pitting, Operation Devi Shakti) Anti-Taliban forces relocate to Panjshir Start of the 2021 Afghan protests
Territorial changes	Taliban control Kabul; NATO and the ANA maintained temporary control of Hamid Karzai International Airport for evacuation

Belligerents

Taliban

al-Qaeda (alleged)

Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Supported by:

United States

United Kingdom

Commanders and leaders

Hibatullah Akhundzada

Salahuddin Ayubi

Ashraf Ghani

Abdul Sattar Mirzakwal

Hebatullah Alizai

Sami Sadat

Units involved

Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF)

Afghan National Army
- 201st Corps
- 111th Division
Afghan National Police

Sources

Roggio, Bill (12 July 2021). "Taliban advances as U.S. completes withdrawal". FDD's Long War Journal. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
"Taliban declares 'war is over in Afghanistan' as foreign powers exit Kabul". the Guardian. 16 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
Ghantous, Ghaida (18 August 2021). "UAE says Afghanistan's Ghani is in Gulf Arab state". Reuters. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Baker, Sinéad (19 August 2021). "The Taliban have declared the 'Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,' the same name it used when it brutally ruled the country in the 1990s". Business Insider. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Taliban declare formation of Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan". www.uniindia.com.
Faulkner, Charlie (3 September 2021). "Spiritual leader is Afghanistan's head of state — with bomb suspect set to be PM". The Times. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
"The Panjshir Valley: what is the main bastion of resistance against the Taliban advance in Afghanistan". Market Research Telecast. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Kapetas, Anastasia (16 August 2021). "After the fall of Kabul". www.aspistrategist.org.au/. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"The Taliban's terrifying triumph in Afghanistan". Economist. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Moiz, Ibrahim (27 August 2021). "A tricky path from insurgency to Emirate". TRT World.
"Senior Taliban commander, several civilians killed in Kabul hospital attack". France 24. 2 November 2021.
"First to enter presidential palace, Taliban member died in Daesh attack". TRT World. 3 November 2021.
Batchelor, Tom (15 August 2021). "Afghan president Ashraf Ghani flees capital Kabul for Tajikistan as Taliban enter city". The Independent. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Azaz, Syed (11 August 2021). "Afghanistan Army Chief removed from post". Geo.tv. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
George, Susannah; Ryan, Missy; Pager, Tyler; Constable, Pamela; Hudson, John; Witte, Griff (28 August 2021). "Surprise, panic and fateful choices: The day America lost its longest war". Washington Post.
Kilcullen, David (17 August 2021). "Critical intervention that swung the battle for Kabul". The Australian. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Roggio, Bill (14 August 2021). "Taliban encircling Afghan capital Kabul, prepping final assault through east". FDD's Long War Journal. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Kevin Liptak, Jeff Zeleny, Kaitlan Collins, Jennifer Hansler and Maegan Vazquez. "Biden admits Afghanistan's collapse 'did unfold more quickly than we had anticipated'". CNN.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
"Misread warnings helped lead to chaotic Afghan evacuation". AP NEWS. 18 August 2021.
"Afghan conflict: US and Taliban sign deal to end 18-year war". BBC News. 29 February 2020.
Missy Ryan; Karen DeYoung (13 April 2021). "Biden will withdraw all U.S. forces from Afghanistan by Sept. 11, 2021". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"The Fall of Kabul: Beginning of Taliban 2.0". The Financial Express. 16 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
"Final US planes leave Kabul airport after two decades of war in Afghanistan". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
Darryl Coote & Don Jacobson. "Afghanistan rockets fired at Kabul airport amid US withdrawal". United Press International.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"Factbox: Evacuations from Afghanistan by country". Reuters. 31 August 2021.
Kathryn Watson (31 August 2021). "Uncertainty lingers for Americans trying to leave Afghanistan after U.S. withdrawal". CBS News.
Lara Jakes (31 August 2021). "Stranded in Kabul: A U.S. Resident Runs Out of Options". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
Melissa Eddy and; Thomas Gibbons-Neff (5 September 2021). "U.S. Citizens and Afghans Wait for Evacuation Flights From Country's North". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021. Around 1,000 people, including dozens of American citizens and Afghans holding visas to the United States or other countries, remained stuck in Afghanistan for the fifth day on Sunday as they awaited clearance for the departure from the Taliban
"Blinken pushes back on GOP criticism of Afghan withdrawal". www.nbc29.com. Associated Press.
Qazi, Shereena (29 February 2020). "Afghanistan's Taliban, US sign agreement aimed at ending war". Al-Jazeera. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
Agreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistan between the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which is not recognized by the United States as a state and is known as the Taliban and the United States of America (PDF). United States Department of State (Report). 29 February 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"Leave Afghanistan ASAP: US to citizens wishing to do so". www.aa.com.tr. Anadolu Agency. 27 April 2021.
"Afghanistan Travel Advisory – Level 4: Do Not Travel". U.S. Embassy in Afghanistan. 27 April 2021.
"U.S. involvement in Afghanistan "doesn't end" on August 31, acting ambassador says". www.cbsnews.com.
"Taliban launches major Afghan offensive after deadline for U.S. pullout". Reuters. 4 May 2021.
"Intel analysis: Afghan government could collapse six months after US troops withdraw". The Hill. 23 July 2021.
Lamothe, Dan; Hudson, John; Harris, Shane; Gearan, Anne (10 August 2021). "U.S. officials warn collapse of Afghan capital could come sooner than expected". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
Rothkopf, David (20 August 2021). "Biden Insiders: Our Afghanistan Exit Is a Part of a Much Bigger Reset". The Daily Beast – via www.thedailybeast.com.
"Taliban expected to reach Afghan capital Kabul 'in seven days', ITV News learns". ITV News. 13 August 2021. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
Bezhan, Frud (14 August 2021). "'People Are Terrified': Panic Sweeps Kabul As Taliban Moves Toward Afghan Capital". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghanistan Live Updates: Taliban Advances on Kabul; U.S. Embassy Evacuation Underway". The New York Times. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Mistlin, Alex; Sullivan, Helen; Harding, Luke; Harding, Luke; Borger, Julian; Mason, Rowena (15 August 2021). "Afghanistan: Kabul to shift power to 'transitional administration' after Taliban enter city – live updates". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghanische Regierung kündigt friedliche Machtübergabe an". FAZ. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Ankel, Sophia (15 August 2021). "Video shows thousands of prisoners, reportedly including Islamic State and al Qaeda fighters, freed from Kabul jail by the Taliban". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021.
Rehman, Zia Ur (15 September 2021). "Afghan chaos mounts as ISIS-K tries to tarnish Taliban triumph". Nikkei Asia.
"Afghan forces surrender Bagram air base to Taliban". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Taliban declares 'war is over in Afghanistan' as foreign powers exit Kabul". the Guardian. 16 August 2021.
Shams, Shamil; Saifullah, Masood (15 August 2021). "Taliban enter Kabul – What happens next? | DW | 15.08.2021". DW.COM.
"Uzbekistan says hundreds of Afghan soldiers flee over border with dozens of aircraft". 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"Afghan president to abdicate after Taliban entered Kabul: Sources". Al Arabiya English. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghan official tells AP that Taliban negotiators heading to presidential palace to prepare for a 'transfer' of power". ABC News. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Seir, Ahmad; Faiez, Rahim; Akhgaf, Tameem; Gambrell, Jon (15 August 2021). "Taliban enter Kabul, await 'peaceful transfer' of power". AP NEWS. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Tanzeem, Ayesha; Gul, Ayaz (15 August 2021). "Reports: Taliban Enter Kabul". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Former interior minister Jalali seen heading interim Afghan administration: Sources". Al Arabiya. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Taliban officials: there will be no transitional government in Afghanistan". Reuters. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"In Facebook Post, President Ghani Says Leaving Afghanistan; Kabul Falls". NDTV. Reuters. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Amid Taliban blitz, Afghan President Ashraf Ghani flees country: Report". Business Standard India. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"اشرف غنی افغانستان چھوڑ کر چلے گئے: افغان میڈیا کا دعویٰ". Urdu News – اردو نیوز (in Urdu). 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"اشرف غنی مستعفی، افغانستان سے فرار". Hum News – ہم نیوز (in Urdu). 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghanistan crisis: President Ghani flees country". BBC News. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Photos: Taliban takes control of Afghan presidential palace". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Afghanistan crisis: Taliban is soon to declare the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan". AP News. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Taliban has won, says Afghan President Ghani as militants enter Kabul". Deccan Herald. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Ashraf Ghani: Ex-Afghan president describes moment he fled the Taliban". BBC. 30 December 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
Batrawy, Aya (15 August 2021). "An Afghan woman in Kabul's dashed hopes amid Taliban blitz". ABC News. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghan war: Kabul's young women plead for help as Taliban advance". BBC News. 13 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"I am an Afghan woman working for a western NGO in Kabul. I feel forgotten". The Guardian. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Day, Michael (15 August 2021). "Afghanistan's first female mayor: 'I'm waiting for Taliban to come and kill me'". i. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Pirzad, Zainab; Alizada, Atefa (15 August 2021). "Afghan women's defiance and despair: 'I never thought I'd have to wear a burqa. My identity will be lost'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"An Afghan woman in Kabul: 'Now I have to burn everything I achieved'". The Guardian. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Axon, Iain (18 August 2021). "Former Afghan women's captain tells players to burn kits, delete photos". Reuters. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Giordano, Chiara (15 August 2021). "Ads depicting women 'painted over' after Taliban enters Kabul". The Independent. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Epstein, Jake (19 August 2021). "Striking photo from Kabul shows why so many Afghan women fear for their future under Taliban rule". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Golshiri, Ghazal (15 August 2021). "Dans Kaboul menacée par les talibans, les habitants « cherchent à liquider toute leur vie avant de quitter le pays". Le Monde. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Graham-Harrison, Emma; Harding, Luke (15 August 2021). "The fall of Kabul: A 20-year mission collapses in a single day". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghanistan Updates: Biden Is Set To Speak As Chaos Unfolds In Kabul". NPR. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Goldsbrough, Susannah (16 August 2021). "Will the Taliban destroy Afghanistan's priceless treasures?". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"WHO concerned about COVID-19 in Afghanistan as jabs slow". Reuters. 17 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Taliban Fighters Enter Kabul As Helicopters Land At U.S. Embassy". NPR.org. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Faulkner, Charlie; Philp, Catherine; Zeffman, Henry; Janjua, Haroon (15 August 2021). "Panic on streets of Kabul as Taliban enter capital from all sides". The Times. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Kullab, Samya (16 August 2021). "Afghan woman in limbo at Kabul airport after Taliban sweep". ABC News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Ward, Alexander; McLeary, Paul; Seligman, Lara (15 August 2021). "Taliban seize power amid chaos in Kabul". Politico. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Lara Jakes & Eric Schmitt, The latest enemy to US evacuation efforts in Afghanistan: Time., New York Times (August 25, 2021).
Jessica Donati, [1], Wall Street Journal (September 1, 2021).
Caitlin Yilek (25 August 2021). "U.S. involvement in Afghanistan "doesn't end" on August 31, acting ambassador says". CBS News.
Donovan Slack & Dennis Wagner. "'Several hundred' Americans are unsure whether to leave Afghanistan, US officials say". USA Today.
"Afghanistan: Explosion outside Kabul airport – number of casualties unclear, Pentagon says". Sky News. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
"What We Know About ISIS-K, The Group Behind The Kabul Attack". NPR. 28 August 2021.
"U.S. officials provided Taliban with names of Americans, Afghan allies to evacuate". www.politico.com. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
NABIH BULOS (30 August 2021). "Family says 7 children were killed in Kabul drone strike; U.S. is investigating". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 30 August 2021. “I want Joe Biden to know about this. Why do you attack these people and say it’s Daesh?” he said, referring to Islamic State by its Arabic acronym
"Blasts rock Kabul as US drone strike hits ISKP bombers". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 29 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
Schmitt, Eric; Cooper, Helene (17 September 2021). "Pentagon acknowledges Aug. 29 drone strike in Afghanistan was a tragic mistake that killed 10 civilians". Archived from the original on 28 December 2021 – via NYTimes.com.
Bose, Saikat Kumar (15 August 2021). "In Video With Daughters, Afghanistan's Hamid Karzai Appeals To Taliban". NDTV. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"World reacts as Taliban closes in on Afghan capital". Al Jazeera. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Qatar is an 'impartial mediator' amid Afghanistan evacuations: FM". Al-Jazeera. 23 August 2021.
"Iran says embassy, consulate in Afghanistan open". Anadolu Agency. 17 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"Turkish Embassy in Kabul continues operations: FM Çavuşoğlu". Hürriyet Daily News. 16 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"Sweden halts aid for Afghanistan but vows it's 'not abandoning the people'". The Local. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Mellen, Ruby; Parker, Claire (14 August 2021). "Here are the countries evacuating their embassies in Kabul as the Taliban takes over". The Washington Post. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
"Asian countries evacuate diplomats, citizens as Taliban declares general amnesty". Manila Bulletin. Xinhua. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
"Extremists' morale high after Taliban advance: American analyst". North Press Agency. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Byaruhanga, Catherine (21 August 2021). "Africa's jihadists: What Taliban takeover of Afghanistan means". BBC News. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"La victoire des talibans, source d'inspiration pour le djihadisme mondial". Ici Radio-Canada Télé (in French). Agence France-Presse. 19 August 2021.
Basit, Abdul (18 August 2021). "A Taliban Takeover Will Strengthen Pakistan's Jihadis". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Burke, Jason (20 August 2021). "Why not all Islamist extremists are buoyed by the Taliban's victory". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Boxerman, Aaron (16 August 2021). "Hamas praises Taliban for causing American 'downfall' in Afghanistan". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
Scott, Mark (18 August 2021). "Western far-right groups claim Taliban victory as their own". Politico. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Makuch, Ben (16 August 2021). "The Far Right Is Celebrating the Taliban Takeover of Afghanistan". Vice News. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"Blame on Biden? UK PM Johnson says US decision to pull out of Afghanistan 'accelerated' events". The Week. 16 August 2021.
"Gorbachev, who pulled Soviets from Afghanistan, says U.S. campaign was doomed from start". NBC News. Reuters. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Murray, Jessica (16 August 2021). "Malala Yousafzai 'deeply worried' as Taliban take control in Afghanistan". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Taliban Systematically Terrorised Women, Says Afghani Writer Khaled Hosseini". News18. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"'Kite Runner' author on the Taliban takeover: 'Hard to describe how devastating it is'". American Voices. MSNBC. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"The Fragility of Women's Rights in Afghanistan". Human Rights Watch. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"International community must avert further tragedy in Afghanistan". amnesty.org. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Amaro, Silvia (24 August 2021). "U.S. and German relations at a crossroads as Afghanistan crisis unfolds". CNBC. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
Karnitschnig, Matthew (17 August 2021). "Disbelief and betrayal: Europe reacts to Biden's Afghanistan 'miscalculation'". Politico. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
"UK struggles for influence as Afghan crisis strains US ties". Associated Press. 23 August 2021.
"Nosedive in UK-US relations is another casualty of Afghanistan's fall". the Guardian. 22 August 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
Allegretti, Aubrey; Elgot, Jessica; Walker, Peter; Weaver, Matthew (19 August 2021). "Dominic Raab 'refused to be contacted' in days before Afghanistan fell". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 20 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Strauss, Daniel (20 August 2021). ""Move heaven and earth" pressure on Biden to speed up visas for Afghans who helped US". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Collinson, Stephen (16 August 2021). "Joe Biden's botched Afghanistan exit is a disaster at home and abroad long in the making". CNN. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Roberts, Williams (20 August 2021). "As US "abandons" Afghans, military veterans feel anger, confusion". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Carney, Jordan (18 August 2021). "Biden finds few Capitol Hill allies amd Afghanistan backlash". The Hill. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Lutz, Eric (16 August 2021). "Joe Biden's Disastrous Afghanistan Exit is in Keeping with American Tradition". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"Exclusive: Americans' harsh judgment on Afghanistan costs Biden's approval, down to 41%". USA Today. 24 August 2021.
"Haley, Blackburn, other Republicans call for Biden's resignation or impeachment after attack at Kabul airport". Fox News. 26 August 2021.
Levy, Rachael (17 August 2021). "Neo-Nazis, White Nationalists Celebrate Taliban Takeover". WSJ.
"America's Far-Right Extremists Are Drawing Inspiration From The Taliban's Victory In Afghanistan". BuzzFeed News.
Sandford, Alasdair (16 August 2021). "'NATO's biggest debacle': Afghanistan troop withdrawals slammed". Euronews. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Turse, Nick (15 August 2021). "The Fall of Kabul". The Intercept. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"MPs on all sides accuse Boris Johnson of Afghanistan failures". BBC News. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
"Trump: US 'humiliated' over Afghan withdrawal". Marca. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Sam Clench (18 August 2021). "Donald Trump calls Afghanistan withdrawal the 'greatest embarrassment' in US history". News.com.au. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Trump slams Biden's 'humiliating' withdrawal from Afghanistan". Fox News. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Latifi, Ali M (15 August 2021). "'Unpatriotic': Afghans slam President Ghani's swift departure". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Teh, Cheryl (16 August 2021). "The Afghan Embassy in India sent out a tweet calling Afghan President Ashraf Ghani a 'traitor' who 'screwed and f—ed everything up'". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Afghan president flees the country as Taliban move on Kabul". CTV News. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"NATO chief blames Afghan leadership for Kabul collapse". Al Jazeera. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Whitlock, Craig (16 August 2021). "Afghan security forces' wholesale collapse was years in the making". Washington Post. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Michael Barbaro (17 August 2021). "America's Miscalculations, Afghanistan's Collapse". The Daily (Podcast). New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Maley, William. "How Joe Biden failed the people of Afghanistan — and tarnished US credibility around the world". The Conversation. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
Mastrangelo, Dominick (16 August 2021). "Leon Panetta compares fall of Afghanistan to Bay of Pigs". The Hill. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Last Days in Vietnam: The Embassy Evacuation". PBS. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Rash Report: In Kabul, shadows of Saigon". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Editorial: President Biden's Saigon moment". Boston Herald. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Kabul evacuations 'sequel to humiliating fall of Saigon in 1975'". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Fall of Kabul, fall of Saigon: Their horror was our horror. Anguished, we pray for a miracle". USA Today. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Bourdoiseau, Christophe (19 August 2021). "Après la "défaite de Kaboul", l'Allemagne envisage de changer son fusil d'épaule". Libération (in French). Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Pettypiece, Shannon. "As the Taliban gains ground, Biden grapples with the ghosts of Saigon". NBC News. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Altman, Howard (15 August 2021). "'What's happening now is worse': Midway skipper who pushed choppers off deck in fall of Saigon". Air Force Times. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Pilkington, Ed (15 August 2021). "'This is manifestly not Saigon': Blinken defends US mission in Afghanistan". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Douthat, Ross (31 August 2021). "Opinion | Joe Biden's Critics Lost Afghanistan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
EDT, Zoe Strozewski On 8/19/21 at 9:45 AM (19 August 2021). "Russia gloats that its government lasted longer in Afghanistan than U.S. 'regime'". Newsweek. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
Al-Marashi, Ibrahim (17 August 2021). "The collapse of Afghan military: We've seen this movie before". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"US will abandon Ukraine like Afghanistan, senior Russian official says". South China Morning Post. Reuters. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Kempe, Frederick (21 August 2021). "Op-ed: The disaster in Afghanistan threatens Biden's 'America is back' message to allies". CNBC.
"Afghan chaos undercuts Biden's promise of competence". BBC News. 17 August 2021.
"How the US disaster in giving Afghanistan to the Taliban happened". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com.
"Allies embraced Biden. Did Kabul lay bare "great illusion"?". AP NEWS. 19 August 2021.
Birtles, Bill (17 August 2021). "Beijing used Afghanistan to mock America. It also gave them clues about how a potential war would play out". ABC News. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Latifi, Ali M. (16 August 2021). "Kabul near standstill on day one of the Taliban's 'Emirate'". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Ormiston, Susan (18 August 2021). "'I'm scared': Afghan who worked with foreign partners fearful of Taliban visits". CBC. Retrieved 19 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"As I walk around Kabul, the streets are empty of women". The Guardian. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Zia, Hujjatullah (19 August 2021). "I woke up to the Taliban walking in my city". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Fewer Women, No Entertainment: Kabul's Media Scene Transforms After Taliban Takeover". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Afghanistan. Une présentatrice télé raconte avoir été empêchée de travailler par les talibans". Ouest France (in French). Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 19 August 2021.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"Transcript of Taliban's first news conference in Kabul". Al Jazeera. 17 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Ellis-Petersen, Hannah (21 August 2021). "Top Taliban leader flies into Kabul for talks on setting up new Afghan regime". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Salem, Mostafa; John, Tara; Lister, Tim; Ritchie, Hannah (18 August 2021). "Former Afghan President Ashraf Ghani emerges in the UAE". CNN. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Kwok, Caroline; Mang, Carol (19 August 2021). "Ghani 'in talks' for return to Afghanistan". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"US agencies scrub websites in bid to protect Afghans". Al Jazeera. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Mohsin, Saleha (18 August 2021). "US freezes Afghan central bank's assets of $9.5bn". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Martin, Eric (18 August 2021). "IMF Curbs Afghanistan's Funding Access, Squeezing Taliban". Bloomberg. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Arnold, Tom (19 August 2021). "Western Union suspends services in Afghanistan". Reuters. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
Lee, Katy (19 August 2021). "Social Media Giants Grapple With Taliban Dilemma". International Business Times. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Thorbecke, Catherine (19 August 2021). "How the Taliban uses social media to seek legitimacy in the West, sow chaos at home". ABC News. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
"Facebook met en place des mesures pour que les Afghans vulnérables protègent leur compte des talibans". Le Monde.fr. 20 August 2021 – via Le Monde.
Mackey, Robert (18 August 2021). "Taliban Spokesman Accuses Facebook of Stifling Free Speech by Banning Group". The Intercept. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Frenkel, Sheera; Decker, Ben (18 August 2021). "Taliban ramp up on social media, defying bans by the platforms". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Finnish Immigration Service prepares for Afghan refugees, sees repeat of 2015 as unlikely". Yle Uutiset News. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Benen, Steve (18 August 2021). "For the right, Afghan refugees become the new political fight". MSNBC. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Jordan, Miriam (16 August 2021). "Thousands Who Helped the U.S. in Afghanistan Are Trapped. What Happens Next?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Gentleman, Amelia (19 August 2021). "Guards at Kabul embassy told they are ineligible for UK protection". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
"Embassy guard on Finns' departure: "We will not forgive them"". Yle Uutiset. 24 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
Yosufzai, Rashida; Henderson, Anna. "Australia grants visas for former Kabul embassy guards a day after rejecting them". SBS News. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
"Leadership". Northern Alliance: Fighting for a Free Afghanistan. Friends of the Northern Alliance. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Graham-Harrison, Emma (18 August 2021). "'Panjshir stands strong': Afghanistan's last holdout against the Taliban". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Ray, Siladitya; Dangor, Graison (18 August 2021). "Afghan Embassy In Tajikistan Demands Interpol Arrest Escaped Former President Ashraf Ghani". Forbes. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Mackenzie, James (22 August 2021). "Anti-Taliban leader Massoud wants to talk but ready to fight". Reuters. Retrieved 22 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"Watch: Afghan women hold street protest as Taliban fighters look on". The Indian Express. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
"Taliban keep some evacuees from reaching Kabul airport, as U.S. vows to finish airlift". Reuters. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Seir, Ahmad; Faiez, Rahim; Gannon, Kathy; Gambrell, Jon (19 August 2021). "Taliban militants violently disperse rare Afghan protest". AP News. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Shah, Saeed; Rasmussen, Sune Engel (18 August 2021). "Afghanistan's Taliban Rulers Meet Their First Political Protests With Gunfire". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Afghan protests spread to Kabul in early challenge to Taliban". Reuters. 19 August 2021.
"Protests Spread to Kabul as Taliban Struggle to Govern". The New York Times. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Seir, Ahmad; Faiez, Rahim; Gannon, Kathy; Gambrell, Jon (19 August 2021). "Afghans protest Taliban in emerging challenge to their rule". AP News. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
"Afghans display national flag as they mark independence day". Al Jazeera. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.

Fall of Kabul (2021)

Victims	Unknown
Location	Kabul, Afghanistan 34°18′47″N 69°06′15″E / 34.3131°N 69.1042°E / 34.3131; 69.1042 (Kabul, Afghanistan)
Result	Taliban victory Collapse of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan End of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) Government officials flee Afghanistan, including President Ashraf Ghani Re-establishment of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Hibatullah Akhundzada replaces President Ghani as the head of state of Afghanistan Evacuation of national and international diplomatic, military and civilian personnel (Operation Allies Refuge, Operation Pitting, Operation Devi Shakti) Anti-Taliban forces relocate to Panjshir Start of the 2021 Afghan protests
Date	15 August 2021 (2021-08-15)
Criminal penalty	Unknown

Introduction

War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)

History

Timeline

Battles and operations

v t e Invasion
Crescent Wind Rhino Mazar-i-Sharif Kunduz Herat Kabul Tarinkot Trent Kandahar Qala-i-Jangi Shawali Kowt Sayyd Alma Kalay Tora Bora

Helmand Province campaign

v t e Kandahar Province
2001 Kandahar bombing Fall of Kandahar Tarnak Farm Mongoose Medusa Avalanche Kaika Panjwaii Falcon Summit Hoover Luger Kamin Shah Wali Kot 2008 Kandahar Spin Boldak Sarposa Arghandab Wech Baghtu 2009 Kandahar Nadahan Hamkari Dragon Strike Baawar Battle of Kandahar Kandahar massacre 2017 Kandahar 2020 Kandahar

Eastern Afghanistan

Kabul Province

v t e Kunduz Province
Airlift Siege Harekate Yolo Karez Oqab 2009 airstrike Sahda Ehlm Gala-e Gorg Halmazag 2015 battle Hospital airstrike Hostage crisis 2016 battle Boz Qandahari Kunduz madrassa 2020

Major operations

Mountain Viper
Asbury Park
Perth
Chora
Firebase Anaconda
Shewan
Balamorghab
Sabzak
Derapet
Doan
Kunduz (2015)
Omari
Tarinkot
Kunduz (2016)
Boz Qandahari
Darzab (2017)
Farah
Darzab (2018)
Ghazni
2021 Taliban offensive
- Zaranj
- Kunduz
- Herat
- Kandahar
- Lashkargah
- Kabul

Airstrikes

Major insurgent attacks
2002

Kabul

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Jan-Aug
- Kabul school
- Spin Boldak

Massacres

Other

Sources

Roggio, Bill (12 July 2021). "Taliban advances as U.S. completes withdrawal". FDD's Long War Journal. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
"Taliban declares 'war is over in Afghanistan' as foreign powers exit Kabul". the Guardian. 16 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
Ghantous, Ghaida (18 August 2021). "UAE says Afghanistan's Ghani is in Gulf Arab state". Reuters. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Baker, Sinéad (19 August 2021). "The Taliban have declared the 'Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,' the same name it used when it brutally ruled the country in the 1990s". Business Insider. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Taliban declare formation of Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan". www.uniindia.com.
Faulkner, Charlie (3 September 2021). "Spiritual leader is Afghanistan's head of state — with bomb suspect set to be PM". The Times. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
"The Panjshir Valley: what is the main bastion of resistance against the Taliban advance in Afghanistan". Market Research Telecast. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Kapetas, Anastasia (16 August 2021). "After the fall of Kabul". www.aspistrategist.org.au/. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"The Taliban's terrifying triumph in Afghanistan". Economist. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Moiz, Ibrahim (27 August 2021). "A tricky path from insurgency to Emirate". TRT World.
"Senior Taliban commander, several civilians killed in Kabul hospital attack". France 24. 2 November 2021.
"First to enter presidential palace, Taliban member died in Daesh attack". TRT World. 3 November 2021.
Batchelor, Tom (15 August 2021). "Afghan president Ashraf Ghani flees capital Kabul for Tajikistan as Taliban enter city". The Independent. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Azaz, Syed (11 August 2021). "Afghanistan Army Chief removed from post". Geo.tv. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
George, Susannah; Ryan, Missy; Pager, Tyler; Constable, Pamela; Hudson, John; Witte, Griff (28 August 2021). "Surprise, panic and fateful choices: The day America lost its longest war". Washington Post.
Kilcullen, David (17 August 2021). "Critical intervention that swung the battle for Kabul". The Australian. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Roggio, Bill (14 August 2021). "Taliban encircling Afghan capital Kabul, prepping final assault through east". FDD's Long War Journal. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Kevin Liptak, Jeff Zeleny, Kaitlan Collins, Jennifer Hansler and Maegan Vazquez. "Biden admits Afghanistan's collapse 'did unfold more quickly than we had anticipated'". CNN.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
"Misread warnings helped lead to chaotic Afghan evacuation". AP NEWS. 18 August 2021.
"Afghan conflict: US and Taliban sign deal to end 18-year war". BBC News. 29 February 2020.
Missy Ryan; Karen DeYoung (13 April 2021). "Biden will withdraw all U.S. forces from Afghanistan by Sept. 11, 2021". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"The Fall of Kabul: Beginning of Taliban 2.0". The Financial Express. 16 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
"Final US planes leave Kabul airport after two decades of war in Afghanistan". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
Darryl Coote & Don Jacobson. "Afghanistan rockets fired at Kabul airport amid US withdrawal". United Press International.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"Factbox: Evacuations from Afghanistan by country". Reuters. 31 August 2021.
Kathryn Watson (31 August 2021). "Uncertainty lingers for Americans trying to leave Afghanistan after U.S. withdrawal". CBS News.
Lara Jakes (31 August 2021). "Stranded in Kabul: A U.S. Resident Runs Out of Options". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
Melissa Eddy and; Thomas Gibbons-Neff (5 September 2021). "U.S. Citizens and Afghans Wait for Evacuation Flights From Country's North". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021. Around 1,000 people, including dozens of American citizens and Afghans holding visas to the United States or other countries, remained stuck in Afghanistan for the fifth day on Sunday as they awaited clearance for the departure from the Taliban
"Blinken pushes back on GOP criticism of Afghan withdrawal". www.nbc29.com. Associated Press.
Qazi, Shereena (29 February 2020). "Afghanistan's Taliban, US sign agreement aimed at ending war". Al-Jazeera. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
Agreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistan between the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which is not recognized by the United States as a state and is known as the Taliban and the United States of America (PDF). United States Department of State (Report). 29 February 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"Leave Afghanistan ASAP: US to citizens wishing to do so". www.aa.com.tr. Anadolu Agency. 27 April 2021.
"Afghanistan Travel Advisory – Level 4: Do Not Travel". U.S. Embassy in Afghanistan. 27 April 2021.
"U.S. involvement in Afghanistan "doesn't end" on August 31, acting ambassador says". www.cbsnews.com.
"Taliban launches major Afghan offensive after deadline for U.S. pullout". Reuters. 4 May 2021.
"Intel analysis: Afghan government could collapse six months after US troops withdraw". The Hill. 23 July 2021.
Lamothe, Dan; Hudson, John; Harris, Shane; Gearan, Anne (10 August 2021). "U.S. officials warn collapse of Afghan capital could come sooner than expected". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
Rothkopf, David (20 August 2021). "Biden Insiders: Our Afghanistan Exit Is a Part of a Much Bigger Reset". The Daily Beast – via www.thedailybeast.com.
"Taliban expected to reach Afghan capital Kabul 'in seven days', ITV News learns". ITV News. 13 August 2021. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
Bezhan, Frud (14 August 2021). "'People Are Terrified': Panic Sweeps Kabul As Taliban Moves Toward Afghan Capital". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghanistan Live Updates: Taliban Advances on Kabul; U.S. Embassy Evacuation Underway". The New York Times. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Mistlin, Alex; Sullivan, Helen; Harding, Luke; Harding, Luke; Borger, Julian; Mason, Rowena (15 August 2021). "Afghanistan: Kabul to shift power to 'transitional administration' after Taliban enter city – live updates". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghanische Regierung kündigt friedliche Machtübergabe an". FAZ. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Ankel, Sophia (15 August 2021). "Video shows thousands of prisoners, reportedly including Islamic State and al Qaeda fighters, freed from Kabul jail by the Taliban". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021.
Rehman, Zia Ur (15 September 2021). "Afghan chaos mounts as ISIS-K tries to tarnish Taliban triumph". Nikkei Asia.
"Afghan forces surrender Bagram air base to Taliban". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Taliban declares 'war is over in Afghanistan' as foreign powers exit Kabul". the Guardian. 16 August 2021.
Shams, Shamil; Saifullah, Masood (15 August 2021). "Taliban enter Kabul – What happens next? | DW | 15.08.2021". DW.COM.
"Uzbekistan says hundreds of Afghan soldiers flee over border with dozens of aircraft". 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"Afghan president to abdicate after Taliban entered Kabul: Sources". Al Arabiya English. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghan official tells AP that Taliban negotiators heading to presidential palace to prepare for a 'transfer' of power". ABC News. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Seir, Ahmad; Faiez, Rahim; Akhgaf, Tameem; Gambrell, Jon (15 August 2021). "Taliban enter Kabul, await 'peaceful transfer' of power". AP NEWS. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Tanzeem, Ayesha; Gul, Ayaz (15 August 2021). "Reports: Taliban Enter Kabul". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Former interior minister Jalali seen heading interim Afghan administration: Sources". Al Arabiya. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Taliban officials: there will be no transitional government in Afghanistan". Reuters. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"In Facebook Post, President Ghani Says Leaving Afghanistan; Kabul Falls". NDTV. Reuters. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Amid Taliban blitz, Afghan President Ashraf Ghani flees country: Report". Business Standard India. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"اشرف غنی افغانستان چھوڑ کر چلے گئے: افغان میڈیا کا دعویٰ". Urdu News – اردو نیوز (in Urdu). 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"اشرف غنی مستعفی، افغانستان سے فرار". Hum News – ہم نیوز (in Urdu). 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghanistan crisis: President Ghani flees country". BBC News. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Photos: Taliban takes control of Afghan presidential palace". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Afghanistan crisis: Taliban is soon to declare the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan". AP News. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Taliban has won, says Afghan President Ghani as militants enter Kabul". Deccan Herald. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Ashraf Ghani: Ex-Afghan president describes moment he fled the Taliban". BBC. 30 December 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
Batrawy, Aya (15 August 2021). "An Afghan woman in Kabul's dashed hopes amid Taliban blitz". ABC News. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghan war: Kabul's young women plead for help as Taliban advance". BBC News. 13 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"I am an Afghan woman working for a western NGO in Kabul. I feel forgotten". The Guardian. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Day, Michael (15 August 2021). "Afghanistan's first female mayor: 'I'm waiting for Taliban to come and kill me'". i. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Pirzad, Zainab; Alizada, Atefa (15 August 2021). "Afghan women's defiance and despair: 'I never thought I'd have to wear a burqa. My identity will be lost'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"An Afghan woman in Kabul: 'Now I have to burn everything I achieved'". The Guardian. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Axon, Iain (18 August 2021). "Former Afghan women's captain tells players to burn kits, delete photos". Reuters. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Giordano, Chiara (15 August 2021). "Ads depicting women 'painted over' after Taliban enters Kabul". The Independent. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Epstein, Jake (19 August 2021). "Striking photo from Kabul shows why so many Afghan women fear for their future under Taliban rule". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Golshiri, Ghazal (15 August 2021). "Dans Kaboul menacée par les talibans, les habitants « cherchent à liquider toute leur vie avant de quitter le pays". Le Monde. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Graham-Harrison, Emma; Harding, Luke (15 August 2021). "The fall of Kabul: A 20-year mission collapses in a single day". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Afghanistan Updates: Biden Is Set To Speak As Chaos Unfolds In Kabul". NPR. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Goldsbrough, Susannah (16 August 2021). "Will the Taliban destroy Afghanistan's priceless treasures?". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"WHO concerned about COVID-19 in Afghanistan as jabs slow". Reuters. 17 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Taliban Fighters Enter Kabul As Helicopters Land At U.S. Embassy". NPR.org. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Faulkner, Charlie; Philp, Catherine; Zeffman, Henry; Janjua, Haroon (15 August 2021). "Panic on streets of Kabul as Taliban enter capital from all sides". The Times. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Kullab, Samya (16 August 2021). "Afghan woman in limbo at Kabul airport after Taliban sweep". ABC News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Ward, Alexander; McLeary, Paul; Seligman, Lara (15 August 2021). "Taliban seize power amid chaos in Kabul". Politico. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Lara Jakes & Eric Schmitt, The latest enemy to US evacuation efforts in Afghanistan: Time., New York Times (August 25, 2021).
Jessica Donati, [1], Wall Street Journal (September 1, 2021).
Caitlin Yilek (25 August 2021). "U.S. involvement in Afghanistan "doesn't end" on August 31, acting ambassador says". CBS News.
Donovan Slack & Dennis Wagner. "'Several hundred' Americans are unsure whether to leave Afghanistan, US officials say". USA Today.
"Afghanistan: Explosion outside Kabul airport – number of casualties unclear, Pentagon says". Sky News. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
"What We Know About ISIS-K, The Group Behind The Kabul Attack". NPR. 28 August 2021.
"U.S. officials provided Taliban with names of Americans, Afghan allies to evacuate". www.politico.com. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
NABIH BULOS (30 August 2021). "Family says 7 children were killed in Kabul drone strike; U.S. is investigating". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 30 August 2021. “I want Joe Biden to know about this. Why do you attack these people and say it’s Daesh?” he said, referring to Islamic State by its Arabic acronym
"Blasts rock Kabul as US drone strike hits ISKP bombers". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 29 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
Schmitt, Eric; Cooper, Helene (17 September 2021). "Pentagon acknowledges Aug. 29 drone strike in Afghanistan was a tragic mistake that killed 10 civilians". Archived from the original on 28 December 2021 – via NYTimes.com.
Bose, Saikat Kumar (15 August 2021). "In Video With Daughters, Afghanistan's Hamid Karzai Appeals To Taliban". NDTV. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"World reacts as Taliban closes in on Afghan capital". Al Jazeera. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Qatar is an 'impartial mediator' amid Afghanistan evacuations: FM". Al-Jazeera. 23 August 2021.
"Iran says embassy, consulate in Afghanistan open". Anadolu Agency. 17 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"Turkish Embassy in Kabul continues operations: FM Çavuşoğlu". Hürriyet Daily News. 16 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"Sweden halts aid for Afghanistan but vows it's 'not abandoning the people'". The Local. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Mellen, Ruby; Parker, Claire (14 August 2021). "Here are the countries evacuating their embassies in Kabul as the Taliban takes over". The Washington Post. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
"Asian countries evacuate diplomats, citizens as Taliban declares general amnesty". Manila Bulletin. Xinhua. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
"Extremists' morale high after Taliban advance: American analyst". North Press Agency. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Byaruhanga, Catherine (21 August 2021). "Africa's jihadists: What Taliban takeover of Afghanistan means". BBC News. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"La victoire des talibans, source d'inspiration pour le djihadisme mondial". Ici Radio-Canada Télé (in French). Agence France-Presse. 19 August 2021.
Basit, Abdul (18 August 2021). "A Taliban Takeover Will Strengthen Pakistan's Jihadis". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Burke, Jason (20 August 2021). "Why not all Islamist extremists are buoyed by the Taliban's victory". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Boxerman, Aaron (16 August 2021). "Hamas praises Taliban for causing American 'downfall' in Afghanistan". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
Scott, Mark (18 August 2021). "Western far-right groups claim Taliban victory as their own". Politico. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Makuch, Ben (16 August 2021). "The Far Right Is Celebrating the Taliban Takeover of Afghanistan". Vice News. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"Blame on Biden? UK PM Johnson says US decision to pull out of Afghanistan 'accelerated' events". The Week. 16 August 2021.
"Gorbachev, who pulled Soviets from Afghanistan, says U.S. campaign was doomed from start". NBC News. Reuters. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Murray, Jessica (16 August 2021). "Malala Yousafzai 'deeply worried' as Taliban take control in Afghanistan". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Taliban Systematically Terrorised Women, Says Afghani Writer Khaled Hosseini". News18. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"'Kite Runner' author on the Taliban takeover: 'Hard to describe how devastating it is'". American Voices. MSNBC. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"The Fragility of Women's Rights in Afghanistan". Human Rights Watch. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"International community must avert further tragedy in Afghanistan". amnesty.org. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Amaro, Silvia (24 August 2021). "U.S. and German relations at a crossroads as Afghanistan crisis unfolds". CNBC. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
Karnitschnig, Matthew (17 August 2021). "Disbelief and betrayal: Europe reacts to Biden's Afghanistan 'miscalculation'". Politico. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
"UK struggles for influence as Afghan crisis strains US ties". Associated Press. 23 August 2021.
"Nosedive in UK-US relations is another casualty of Afghanistan's fall". the Guardian. 22 August 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
Allegretti, Aubrey; Elgot, Jessica; Walker, Peter; Weaver, Matthew (19 August 2021). "Dominic Raab 'refused to be contacted' in days before Afghanistan fell". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 20 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Strauss, Daniel (20 August 2021). ""Move heaven and earth" pressure on Biden to speed up visas for Afghans who helped US". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Collinson, Stephen (16 August 2021). "Joe Biden's botched Afghanistan exit is a disaster at home and abroad long in the making". CNN. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Roberts, Williams (20 August 2021). "As US "abandons" Afghans, military veterans feel anger, confusion". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Carney, Jordan (18 August 2021). "Biden finds few Capitol Hill allies amd Afghanistan backlash". The Hill. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Lutz, Eric (16 August 2021). "Joe Biden's Disastrous Afghanistan Exit is in Keeping with American Tradition". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"Exclusive: Americans' harsh judgment on Afghanistan costs Biden's approval, down to 41%". USA Today. 24 August 2021.
"Haley, Blackburn, other Republicans call for Biden's resignation or impeachment after attack at Kabul airport". Fox News. 26 August 2021.
Levy, Rachael (17 August 2021). "Neo-Nazis, White Nationalists Celebrate Taliban Takeover". WSJ.
"America's Far-Right Extremists Are Drawing Inspiration From The Taliban's Victory In Afghanistan". BuzzFeed News.
Sandford, Alasdair (16 August 2021). "'NATO's biggest debacle': Afghanistan troop withdrawals slammed". Euronews. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Turse, Nick (15 August 2021). "The Fall of Kabul". The Intercept. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"MPs on all sides accuse Boris Johnson of Afghanistan failures". BBC News. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
"Trump: US 'humiliated' over Afghan withdrawal". Marca. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Sam Clench (18 August 2021). "Donald Trump calls Afghanistan withdrawal the 'greatest embarrassment' in US history". News.com.au. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Trump slams Biden's 'humiliating' withdrawal from Afghanistan". Fox News. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Latifi, Ali M (15 August 2021). "'Unpatriotic': Afghans slam President Ghani's swift departure". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Teh, Cheryl (16 August 2021). "The Afghan Embassy in India sent out a tweet calling Afghan President Ashraf Ghani a 'traitor' who 'screwed and f—ed everything up'". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Afghan president flees the country as Taliban move on Kabul". CTV News. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"NATO chief blames Afghan leadership for Kabul collapse". Al Jazeera. 17 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Whitlock, Craig (16 August 2021). "Afghan security forces' wholesale collapse was years in the making". Washington Post. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Michael Barbaro (17 August 2021). "America's Miscalculations, Afghanistan's Collapse". The Daily (Podcast). New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Maley, William. "How Joe Biden failed the people of Afghanistan — and tarnished US credibility around the world". The Conversation. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
Mastrangelo, Dominick (16 August 2021). "Leon Panetta compares fall of Afghanistan to Bay of Pigs". The Hill. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
"Last Days in Vietnam: The Embassy Evacuation". PBS. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Rash Report: In Kabul, shadows of Saigon". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Editorial: President Biden's Saigon moment". Boston Herald. 15 August 2021. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Kabul evacuations 'sequel to humiliating fall of Saigon in 1975'". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
"Fall of Kabul, fall of Saigon: Their horror was our horror. Anguished, we pray for a miracle". USA Today. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Bourdoiseau, Christophe (19 August 2021). "Après la "défaite de Kaboul", l'Allemagne envisage de changer son fusil d'épaule". Libération (in French). Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Pettypiece, Shannon. "As the Taliban gains ground, Biden grapples with the ghosts of Saigon". NBC News. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Altman, Howard (15 August 2021). "'What's happening now is worse': Midway skipper who pushed choppers off deck in fall of Saigon". Air Force Times. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Pilkington, Ed (15 August 2021). "'This is manifestly not Saigon': Blinken defends US mission in Afghanistan". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Douthat, Ross (31 August 2021). "Opinion | Joe Biden's Critics Lost Afghanistan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
EDT, Zoe Strozewski On 8/19/21 at 9:45 AM (19 August 2021). "Russia gloats that its government lasted longer in Afghanistan than U.S. 'regime'". Newsweek. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
Al-Marashi, Ibrahim (17 August 2021). "The collapse of Afghan military: We've seen this movie before". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"US will abandon Ukraine like Afghanistan, senior Russian official says". South China Morning Post. Reuters. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Kempe, Frederick (21 August 2021). "Op-ed: The disaster in Afghanistan threatens Biden's 'America is back' message to allies". CNBC.
"Afghan chaos undercuts Biden's promise of competence". BBC News. 17 August 2021.
"How the US disaster in giving Afghanistan to the Taliban happened". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com.
"Allies embraced Biden. Did Kabul lay bare "great illusion"?". AP NEWS. 19 August 2021.
Birtles, Bill (17 August 2021). "Beijing used Afghanistan to mock America. It also gave them clues about how a potential war would play out". ABC News. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Latifi, Ali M. (16 August 2021). "Kabul near standstill on day one of the Taliban's 'Emirate'". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Ormiston, Susan (18 August 2021). "'I'm scared': Afghan who worked with foreign partners fearful of Taliban visits". CBC. Retrieved 19 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"As I walk around Kabul, the streets are empty of women". The Guardian. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Zia, Hujjatullah (19 August 2021). "I woke up to the Taliban walking in my city". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Fewer Women, No Entertainment: Kabul's Media Scene Transforms After Taliban Takeover". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Afghanistan. Une présentatrice télé raconte avoir été empêchée de travailler par les talibans". Ouest France (in French). Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 19 August 2021.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"Transcript of Taliban's first news conference in Kabul". Al Jazeera. 17 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Ellis-Petersen, Hannah (21 August 2021). "Top Taliban leader flies into Kabul for talks on setting up new Afghan regime". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Salem, Mostafa; John, Tara; Lister, Tim; Ritchie, Hannah (18 August 2021). "Former Afghan President Ashraf Ghani emerges in the UAE". CNN. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Kwok, Caroline; Mang, Carol (19 August 2021). "Ghani 'in talks' for return to Afghanistan". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
"US agencies scrub websites in bid to protect Afghans". Al Jazeera. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Mohsin, Saleha (18 August 2021). "US freezes Afghan central bank's assets of $9.5bn". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Martin, Eric (18 August 2021). "IMF Curbs Afghanistan's Funding Access, Squeezing Taliban". Bloomberg. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Arnold, Tom (19 August 2021). "Western Union suspends services in Afghanistan". Reuters. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
Lee, Katy (19 August 2021). "Social Media Giants Grapple With Taliban Dilemma". International Business Times. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Thorbecke, Catherine (19 August 2021). "How the Taliban uses social media to seek legitimacy in the West, sow chaos at home". ABC News. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
"Facebook met en place des mesures pour que les Afghans vulnérables protègent leur compte des talibans". Le Monde.fr. 20 August 2021 – via Le Monde.
Mackey, Robert (18 August 2021). "Taliban Spokesman Accuses Facebook of Stifling Free Speech by Banning Group". The Intercept. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Frenkel, Sheera; Decker, Ben (18 August 2021). "Taliban ramp up on social media, defying bans by the platforms". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Finnish Immigration Service prepares for Afghan refugees, sees repeat of 2015 as unlikely". Yle Uutiset News. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Benen, Steve (18 August 2021). "For the right, Afghan refugees become the new political fight". MSNBC. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Jordan, Miriam (16 August 2021). "Thousands Who Helped the U.S. in Afghanistan Are Trapped. What Happens Next?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Gentleman, Amelia (19 August 2021). "Guards at Kabul embassy told they are ineligible for UK protection". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
"Embassy guard on Finns' departure: "We will not forgive them"". Yle Uutiset. 24 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
Yosufzai, Rashida; Henderson, Anna. "Australia grants visas for former Kabul embassy guards a day after rejecting them". SBS News. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
"Leadership". Northern Alliance: Fighting for a Free Afghanistan. Friends of the Northern Alliance. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
Graham-Harrison, Emma (18 August 2021). "'Panjshir stands strong': Afghanistan's last holdout against the Taliban". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Ray, Siladitya; Dangor, Graison (18 August 2021). "Afghan Embassy In Tajikistan Demands Interpol Arrest Escaped Former President Ashraf Ghani". Forbes. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
Mackenzie, James (22 August 2021). "Anti-Taliban leader Massoud wants to talk but ready to fight". Reuters. Retrieved 22 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"Watch: Afghan women hold street protest as Taliban fighters look on". The Indian Express. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
"Taliban keep some evacuees from reaching Kabul airport, as U.S. vows to finish airlift". Reuters. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
Seir, Ahmad; Faiez, Rahim; Gannon, Kathy; Gambrell, Jon (19 August 2021). "Taliban militants violently disperse rare Afghan protest". AP News. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Shah, Saeed; Rasmussen, Sune Engel (18 August 2021). "Afghanistan's Taliban Rulers Meet Their First Political Protests With Gunfire". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
"Afghan protests spread to Kabul in early challenge to Taliban". Reuters. 19 August 2021.
"Protests Spread to Kabul as Taliban Struggle to Govern". The New York Times. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
Seir, Ahmad; Faiez, Rahim; Gannon, Kathy; Gambrell, Jon (19 August 2021). "Afghans protest Taliban in emerging challenge to their rule". AP News. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
"Afghans display national flag as they mark independence day". Al Jazeera. 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.

Fall of Kabul (2021)

Details

Related

Sources

Fall of Kabul (2021)

Introduction

Related

Sources